Pharmacological inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B protects against atherosclerotic plaque formation in the LDLR-/- mouse model of atherosclerosis

Clin Sci (Lond). 2017 Sep 28;131(20):2489-2501. doi: 10.1042/CS20171066. Print 2017 Oct 1.

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most prevalent cause of mortality among patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, due to accelerated atherosclerosis. Recent evidence suggests a strong link between atherosclerosis and insulin resistance, due to impaired insulin receptor (IR) signalling. Here, we demonstrate that inhibiting the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), the major negative regulator of the IR prevents and reverses atherosclerotic plaque formation in an LDLR-/- mouse model of atherosclerosis. Acute (single dose) or chronic PTP1B inhibitor (trodusquemine) treatment of LDLR-/- mice decreased weight gain and adiposity, improved glucose homeostasis and attenuated atherosclerotic plaque formation. This was accompanied by a reduction in both, circulating total cholesterol and triglycerides, a decrease in aortic monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression levels and hyperphosphorylation of aortic Akt/PKB and AMPKα. Our findings are the first to demonstrate that PTP1B inhibitors could be used in prevention and reversal of atherosclerosis development and reduction in CVD risk.

Keywords: atherosclerosis; metabolic syndromes; protein tyrosine phosphatases.

MeSH terms

  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Aorta / drug effects*
  • Aorta / enzymology
  • Aorta / pathology
  • Aortic Diseases / enzymology
  • Aortic Diseases / genetics
  • Aortic Diseases / pathology
  • Aortic Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Atherosclerosis / enzymology
  • Atherosclerosis / genetics
  • Atherosclerosis / pathology
  • Atherosclerosis / prevention & control*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Glucose / drug effects
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Chemokine CCL2 / metabolism
  • Cholestanes / administration & dosage*
  • Cholesterol / blood
  • Diet, High-Fat
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Homeostasis
  • Male
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Phenotype
  • Phosphorylation
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic*
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • Receptors, LDL / deficiency*
  • Receptors, LDL / genetics
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Spermine / administration & dosage
  • Spermine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Time Factors
  • Triglycerides / blood
  • Weight Loss

Substances

  • 3-N-1(spermine)-7, 24-dihydroxy-5-cholestane 24-sulfate
  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose
  • Ccl2 protein, mouse
  • Chemokine CCL2
  • Cholestanes
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Receptors, LDL
  • Triglycerides
  • Spermine
  • Cholesterol
  • AMPK alpha1 subunit, mouse
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1
  • Ptpn1 protein, mouse